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#>---Live Program Information---
#>
#>This live program examines air pollution as it is seen from space.
#>
#> **Note: 
#>	- Lines that begin with ">>" and bracketed text denote presenter instructions. 
#>	- "(Q?)" denotes discussion questions.
#>
#>---(1) Polar Orbiting: Aqua Satellite and MODIS Swath---
#>
#>>>Explain how Aqua orbits around the poles and collects a (almost) complete image of the Earth's surface every 24 hours.
#>Our atmosphere supports and protects life on Earth. NASA satellites observe the impact that 7 billion humans are having on the atmosphere.
#>
#>---(2) Blue Marble and Nighttime Lights---
#>
#>>>Note that the Earth is not lit on both sides at the same time.
#>From space Earth at night reveals concentrations of human activity -- and this activity is correlated to air pollutants.
#>  
#>---(3) Blue Marble (no clouds) with Pollution PIPs---
#>
#>>>Use the PIPs to illustrate the wide impacts of air pollution.
#>NASA satellites observe the impact of 7 billion humans.
#>- Slash-and-burn deforestation over Mexico
#>- Los Angeles smog
#>- pollution over China
#>- haze over Bangladesh from fire and burning fossil fuels
#>- West Africa fires and smoke from agricultural clearing
#>- smog over France
#>- smog over U.S. East Coast
#>
#>Natural air pollution caused by: volcanoes, sand storms, fires started by lightning
#>
#>---(4) Nitrogen Dioxide over Lights at Night (monthly 10/2004-12/2009)---
#>
#>Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) is released into the air by burning coal, gasoline, and other fossil fuels. It is unhealthy to breathe and reacts with other gases to produce ozone, which is also unhealthy to breathe.
#>- Globally, greatest NO2 emissions are from industrial, urban centers (coal, gas-fired power plants, vehicles), forest fires.
#>- High levels of NO2 contribute to:
#>(1) haze that reduces visibility
#>(2) irritation of the eyes, nose, throat, and lungs
#>(3) acid rain
#>
#>- Strong seasonal pattern corresponds to more heating and longer pollutant lifetime in winter
#>- Emissions controls have successfully decreased NO2 in some areas, but new development corresponds to increasing NO2
#>
#>---(5) Earth at Night: 1992, 2002, 2012---
#>
#>Earth is never really dark everywhere at once, but here the whole Earth is shown at night over 20 years: 1992, 2002, 2012. 
#>- Notice how many more lights turned on over two decades. More people. More cities. More lights. More energy consumption. 
#>- (Q?) What do most power plants use to generate electricity?
#>- Humans are having a noticeable effect on our atmosphere. More people and industry impact air quality, especially in places like China and India with growing populations and development.
#>
#>---(6) Atmospheric Chemistry: GEOS-5 Model---
#>
#>>>Illustrate the significance of the different colors and shades.
#>- sea salt from the oceans (blue) 
#>- dust off the deserts (red)
#>- soot/black carbon aerosols (green) can occur naturally (e.g. forest fires caused by lightning) or from human activity (e.g. agricultural fires, fossil fuel combustion).
#>- sulfate aerosols (white) comes from the combustion of fossil fuels and the eruption of volcanoes, most commonly found downstream of large industrial areas.
#>
#>The good news is that there have been improvements in air quality over the United States and Europe thanks to tougher regulations and using cleaner energy sources. 
#>Monitoring our atmosphere with satellites and working together with other countries, we can identify pollution sources to clean up our air. Our atmosphere is essential for life on Earth.
#>
#>*Give your location's customary farewell.